Transportation to work by sexual orientation.

We analyze differences in mode of transportation to work by sexual orientation, using the American Community Survey 2008-2019. Working individuals in same-sex couples are significantly less likely to drive to work than working men and women in different-sex couples. This gap is particularly stark among men: on average, almost 12 percentage point (or 13%) lower likelihood of driving to work for men in same-sex couples. Working individuals in same-sex couples are also more likely to use public transport, walk, or bike to work. Men and women are 7 and 3 percentage points more likely, respectively, to take public transportation to work than those in different-sex couples. Working men are also more likely to work from home-while working women are less likely-than those in different-sex couples. These differences persist after controlling for demographic characteristics, partner's characteristics, location, fertility, marital status, occupation or industry, and family income. Additional evidence from the General Social Survey 2008-2018 suggests that these disparities by sexual orientation may be due to lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals valuing the environment more than straight individuals.

A Latent Class Analysis of Sexual Behavior and Associations with Sex Education, Smoking, Drinking, and Pornography Use Among Chinese Youth.

The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases has alarmingly increased among Chinese youth in the past decade, and newly diagnosed cases of AIDS have almost doubled between 2010 and 2015. However, little is known about classes of sexual behavior among Chinese youth and associations with their other health behavior or experience of sex education. This study aimed to first identify classes of sexual behavior using latent class analysis and then to examine their associations with sex education, smoking, alcohol drinking, and pornography use. Data were from 13,865 unmarried youth aged 18-24 from the 2009 National Youth Reproductive Health Survey. Six indicators were used: timing of the first sexual intercourse, the number of past-year sexual partners, sex outside of a relationship, incidence of pregnancy, and contraceptive use at the latest and the first sexual intercourse. Four classes were identified: no sex (Class 1, 69%), safer sex (Class 2, 13%), early risk (Class 3, 13%), and multiple risk (Class 4, 5%). Smoking, drinking, and regular pornography use were associated with increased odds of being in the multiple risk class relative to the safer sex class. Sex education, smoking, and pornography use were associated with decreased odds of being in the no sex class relative to the safer sex class. The findings revealed qualitatively different classes of sexual behavior among Chinese youth and important roles of sex education, substance use, and pornography use. Reproductive health service providers can offer individually tailored services to serve youth with different profiles and needs.

Age, sex, and other demographic trends in sexual behavior in the United States: Initial findings of the sexual behaviors, internet use, and psychological adjustment survey.

It remains unclear how the seemingly ubiquitous use of the internet impacts user's offline personal relationships, particularly those that are romantic or sexual. Therefore, we conducted a national online survey to better understand the associations among internet use, sexual behavior, and adjustment called the Sexual Behaviors, Internet Use, and Psychological Adjustment Survey (SIPS). Here, we report patterns of sexual behavior in a sample of adults (N = 1987; ages 18-70) in the United States to establish its representativeness and consistency with similar recent surveys. We found age- and sex-related trends in oral, vaginal, and anal sex in terms of prevalence, frequency, number of partners, and age of initiation consistent with prior studies. We also detected differences in sexual behaviors based on relationship status and sexual orientation, but small and relatively few significant differences across racial and ethnic groups. The results confirm and expand upon trends identified in prior national surveys of sexual behavior, establishing the representativeness of the SIPS sample for use in future research examining the links among sexual behaviors and romantic relationships, internet use, and adjustment.

Abusos sexuales sobre personas incapacitadas para oponerse a su agresor y sobre incapaces para consentir / Sexual abuse of persons incapable of opposing their aggressor and incapable of consenting

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Evaluación del impacto sobre la actividad sexual de un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar para pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica / Assessment of the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on sexual activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO: La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) limita la calidad de vida, teniendo consecuencias sobre la esfera sexual. Los programas de rehabilitación respiratoria (PRR) ayudan al tratamiento de estos pacientes. Analizamos la actividad sexual de pacientes con EPOC y los resultados de un PRR. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo de cohorte única en varones diagnosticados de EPOC y candidatos a PRR. Evaluación clínica, respiratoria y analítica (T, LH, FSH, estradiol y progesterona). International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) al inicio y tras 6 meses de PRR. Análisis descriptivo inicial, comparando parámetros respiratorios según actividad sexual. Análisis de cambios tras el PRR mediante IIEF y satisfacción mediante el cuestionario Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS). RESULTADOS: Entre 2014 y 2016, 62 varones incluidos. Edad media: 66,5 años (SD 7,2); 52 exfumadores. Diez eran sexualmente activos (16,1%). No detectamos alteraciones hormonales. No apreciamos diferencias significativas en parámetros respiratorios (FEV1, test de marcha de 6 min, número de exacerbaciones, puntuación en CAT) entre pacientes sexualmente activos y no activos. Puntuación media inicial IIEF: función eréctil 8, función orgásmica 4, deseo sexual 5,6, satisfacción con relaciones 5,3 y satisfacción global 4,5. Tras PRR, aumento significativo en la puntuación total del IIEF: 6,1 (IC95% 1,9-10,3). Mejoría en todos los dominios, con cambio significativo en satisfacción con relaciones: 0,9 (IC95% 0,2-1,6). Moderada satisfacción con el tratamiento según EDITS. CONCLUSIONES: Solo un pequeño porcentaje de pacientes con EPOC incluidos en un PRR son activos sexualmente. No se aprecian diferencias respiratorias entre los pacientes activos y no activos. Los PRR provocan mejoría global en la función sexual, particularmente en la satisfacción con las relaciones

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects life quality, and also sexual activity. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a helpful treatment in COPD patients. The aim of this study is to assess sexual activity on COPD patients, and the effect of PR over it. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Single cohort prospective study over male COPD candidates to PR. Clinical, respiratory and biochemical assessment (FSH, LH, T, and progesterone) was performed. Patients were asked to fill baseline International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire, and 6 months after PR. A descriptive initial analysis compared respiratory values between patients with and without sexual activity. Changes in IIEF results were assessed after PR, and satisfaction with treatment using Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS). RESULTS: Between 2014 and 2016, 62 male COPD patients enlisted. Mean age: 66.5 years (SD 7.2). 52 Ex-smokers. 10 declared being sexually active (16.1%). No hormonal levels alterations. No significant differences on respiratory parameters between sexually active and non-active patients (FEV1, 6-minutes walking test, number of exacerbations, CAT score). Baseline mean IIEF values: Erectile function 8, orgasmic function 4, sexual desire 5.6, intercourse satisfaction 5.3, and overall satisfaction 4.5. After PR, significant increase in mean IIEF value: 6.1 (CI95% 1.9-10.3). Improvement was found in all domains, with statistical significance on intercourse satisfaction 0.9 (CI95% 0.2-1.6). Moderate satisfaction with treatment was achieved according to EDITS. CONCLUSIONS: Only a low percentage of COPD males included in PR is sexually active. No pulmonary differences were found between sexually active and non-active patients. PR improves sexual function, particularly intercourse satisfaction domain

Sexual risk and HIV testing disconnect in men who have sex with men (MSM) recruited to an online HIV self-testing trial.

OBJECTIVES: We report the frequency of previous HIV testing at baseline in men who have sex with men (MSM) who enrolled in an HIV self-testing (HIVST) randomized controlled trial [an HIV self-testing public health intervention (SELPHI)]. METHODS: Criteria for enrolment were age ≥ 16 years, being a man (including trans men) who ever had anal intercourse (AI) with a man, not being known to be HIV positive and having consented to national HIV database linkage. Using online survey baseline data (2017-2018), we assessed associations with never having tested for HIV and not testing in the previous 6 months, among men who reported at least two recent condomless AI (CAI) partners. RESULTS: A total of 10 111 men were randomized; the median age was 33 years [interquartile range (IQR) 26-44 years], 89% were white, 20% were born outside the UK, 0.8% were trans men, 47% were degree educated, and 8% and 4% had ever used and were currently using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), respectively. In the previous 3 months, 89% reported AI and 72% reported CAI with at least one male partner. Overall, 17%, 33%, 54%, and 72% had tested for HIV in the last 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 2 years, respectively; 13% had tested more than 2 years ago and 15% had never tested. Among 3972 men reporting at least two recent CAI partners, only 22% had tested in the previous 3 months. Region of residence and education level were independently associated with recent HIV testing. Among current PrEP users, 15% had not tested in the previous 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Most men in SELPHI, particularly those reporting at least two CAI partners and current PrEP users, were not testing in line with current UK recommendations. The results of the trial will inform whether online promotion of HIVST addresses ongoing testing barriers.

Development of the Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation ontology: Evaluation and workflow.

OBJECTIVE: The study sought to create an integrated vocabulary system that addresses the lack of standardized health terminology in gender and sexual orientation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated computational efficiency, coverage, query-based term tagging, randomly selected term tagging, and mappings to existing terminology systems (including ICD (International Classification of Diseases), DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ), SNOMED (Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine), MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), and National Cancer Institute Thesaurus). RESULTS: We published version 2 of the Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation (GSSO) ontology with over 10 000 entries with definitions, a readable hierarchy system, and over 14 000 database mappings. Over 70% of terms had no mapping in any other available ontology. DISCUSSION: We created the GSSO and made it publicly available on the National Center for Biomedical Ontology BioPortal and on GitHub. It includes clarifications on over 200 slang terms, 190 pronouns with linked example usages, and over 200 nonbinary and culturally specific gender identities. CONCLUSIONS: Gender and sexual orientation continue to represent crucial areas of medical practice and research with evolving terminology. The GSSO helps address this gap by providing a centralized data resource.

Asociación sexual entre personas que viven con el VIH: manejo de las diferencias serológicas / Sexual partnership between people living with HIV: managing serological diferences / Parceria sexual entre pessoas vivendo com HIV: gerenciando as diferenças sorológicas

OBJETIVO: Analizar si existen diferencias entre las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y afectivas sexuales en las diferentes asociaciones sexuales entre personas viviendo con VIH / sida. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado en un servicio de asistencia especializada en el tratamiento de personas con el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana, con 173 participantes. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevistas con cuestionarios construidos para el estudio. RESULTADOS: Se verificaron evidencias estadísticas entre la serología del compañero y el sexo, estado civil, hijo, número de hijos. La serología del compañero sexual también presentó evidencias científicas entre las variables tipo de asociación, uso del preservativo masculino, práctica sexual vaginal insertiva, divulgación del diagnóstico del VIH para la asociación sexual y considera importante la divulgación del VIH para el socio. CONCLUSIÓN: La serología del compañero fue influenciada por las variables sociodemográficas y afectivo-sexuales

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether there are differences between socio-demographic, clinical and affective-sexual characteristics in the different sexual partnerships between people living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a care service specialized in the treatment of people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, with 173 participants. Data were collected through interviews with a questionnaire built for the study. RESULTS: Statistical evidences were verified between the serology of the partner and the sex, marital status, child, number of children. The serology of the sexual partner also presented scientific evidence among the type variables of partnership, use of the male condom, insertive vaginal sex, dissemination of the HIV diagnosis to the sexual partnership and the importance of spreading HIV to the partner. CONCLUSION: The serology of the partner was influenced by sociodemographic and affective-sexual variables

OBJETIVO: Analisar se existe diferenças entres as características sociodemográficos, clínicos e afetivos-sexuais nas diferentes parcerias sexuais entre pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em um serviço de assistência especializada no tratamento de pessoas com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana, com 173 participantes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com questionário construído para o estudo. RESULTADO: Verificou-se evidencias estatísticas entre a sorologia do parceiro e o sexo, estado civil, filho, número de filhos. A sorologia do parceiro sexual também apresentou evidências científicas entre as variáveis tipo de parceria, uso do preservativo masculino, prática sexual vaginal insertivo, divulgação do diagnóstico do HIV para a parceria sexual e considera importante a divulgação do HIV para o parceiro. CONCLUSÃO: A sorologia do parceiro foi influenciada pelas variáveis sociodemográficas e afetivo-sexuais

Seasonal variations in kissing and sexual activities among men who have sex with men in Melbourne, Australia: implications for seasonal sexually transmissible infection preventions and interventions.

Background Previous studies have shown that there is a peak in sexually transmissible infection (STI) cases and sexual activities around summer, but there has been no study examining whether kissing also follows a similar seasonal pattern. The aim of this study was to examine the seasonal patterns of kissing and sex partners among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS: A short cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between March 2016 and February 2017. Participants were asked to report the number of kissing-only, sex-only and kissing-with-sex male partners in the last 3 months. The mean number of male partners was calculated and stratified by Australia's seasons. The seasonal trend in the number of partners was assessed by negative binomial regression models. RESULTS: In total, 4391 MSM were included in the analysis. The number of kissing-only and sex-only partners increased significantly from autumn to summer among MSM in Melbourne (Ptrend <0.001). MSM reported the highest number of male partners for kissing-only (mean: 4.91; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 4.78-5.04) and sex-only (mean: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.83-1.99) around summer compared with other seasons. However, the number of kissing-with-sex partners remained stable across seasons. CONCLUSIONS: The study data suggest that there is a peak in kissing-only and sex-only partners among MSM around summer and holiday seasons.

Sexual Development in Adolescence: An Examination of Genetic and Environmental Influences.

Sexual development entails many experiences and is a major feature of adolescence. Most relevant behavioral genetic studies, however, focus primarily on sexual behaviors associated with health risks. We took a more normative, developmental perspective by examining genetic and environmental influences on five sexual behaviors ranging from dating to pregnancy in middle (Mage  = 14.90 years) and late adolescence (Mage  = 17.85 years) in a sample of twins (N = 3,762). Overall, behaviors that are more common and socially sanctioned (e.g., dating) were more heritable than behaviors that are less common and socially acceptable (e.g., sexual intercourse). That the etiology of different sexual behaviors is tied to their normativeness highlights the importance of considering the broader developmental context when studying sexual development.

Los cuestionarios de educación sexual necesitan un enfoque sexológico / No disponible

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Sexual transgressions in couples: the influence of dependence and commitment on their perception and handling

Transgressions occur frequently in romantic relationships, and how they are perceived is influenced by the type of transgression that occurred. By means of an experimental study of 399 participants (75.9% women and 24.1% men) aged 18 to 64 years old (Mage = 31.20, SD = 10.48), we examined the relationship between the type of sexual transgression (infidelity versus coercion), and perceived severity, strategies individuals would use in response to the transgression, and the probability they would leave the relationship, as well as levels of dependence and commitment. Results revealed higher perceived severity (p < .001, η2p = .24) and probability of leaving the relationship (p < .001, η2p = .39) in the infidelity scenario (versus coercion). Meanwhile, women (compared to men) rated sexual transgressions as more severe (p < .001, η2p = .04) and reported a higher probability of leaving the relationship (p < .001, η2p = .03), as well as a higher use of active conflict resolution strategies (exit, p = .048, η2p = .01, and voice, p < .001, η2p = .06) and lower use of passive strategies (loyalty, p < .001, η2p = .08). Finally, high levels of commitment and dependence predicted lower perceived severity (commitment, p < .001, 95% CI [-.72, -.20]; dependence, p < .001, 95% CI [-1.73, -.85]) and lower probability of leaving the relationship (commitment, p = .048, 95% CI [-.55, -.01]; dependence, p < .001, 95% CI [-1.66, -.73]) in coercion (versus infidelity) transgressions. These results highlight the normalization of sexual coercion in romantic relationships, which is not viewed as negatively as infidelity, and that commitment and dependence contribute to minimizing the negative impressions of it

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Definition of the profiles of hepatitis C virus patients based on the identification of risky practices in Spain

The absolute number of patients infected with the hepatitis C virus and its prevalence in Spain according to risk practices are not precise. The objective of the study was to estimate the current direct-action antiviral candidates, according to risky practices. The exposed population was determined according to each risky practice and age, based on the data obtained in two epidemiological studies and other bibliographic sources. The overall prevalence of positive serology for the Hepatitis C virus according to the analyzed data was 1.1% (41% with an active infection). The most at-risk group are intravenous drug users (60,368-82,454). It is estimated that between 37,387 to 51,065 patients would be infected via sexual transmission, between 55,505 and 75,812 patients following a blood transfusion and around 18,528 to 25,307 patients by socio-family transmission. According to these data, more than half (55-79%) of the subjects with risky practices would have significant fibrosis (≥ F2). It is estimated that more than half a million people have a positive serology for the Hepatitis C virus and 144,191 to 227,773 antiviral treatments are expected in the coming years. The identification of people with risky practices is key to increase the percentage of diagnosed cases

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Forensic Implications of the New Classification of ICD-11 Paraphilic Disorders in Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization (WHO) Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse appointed a Working Group on Sexual Disorders and Sexual Health in order to revise and propose changes to ICD-10 categories. AIM: Analyze ethical and legal implications in Brazil of the proposed ICD-11 diagnostic criteria for paraphilic disorders. METHODS: A forensic working group of Brazilian experts in collaboration with representatives of WHO reviewed the proposed modifications to the classification of Disorders of Sexual Preference in ICD-10 (F65), which is recommended to be replaced by Paraphilic Disorders in ICD-11. Proposals were reviewed through a medicolegal lens, using a legal and policy analysis guide put forth by WHO. The premise of this review was to understand that, although the ICD classification is intended to provide a basis for clinical and statistical health interventions, medical diagnostics may also be entangled in the complex legal, normative, and political environment of various countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The most important proposed change to this section is to limit the concept of paraphilic disorders primarily to patterns of sexual arousal involving a focus on others who are unwilling or unable to consent, but this change has not affected the ethical and legal aspects of psychiatric functioning in the Brazil. RESULTS: Because Brazilian criminal law is directed toward criminal behavior and not to specific psychiatric diagnoses, the changes proposed for ICD-11 are not expected to create obstacles to health services or to modify criminal sentencing. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Although ICD-11 has a number of changes in its content, there are no significant clinical implications in the Brazilian context, but a better clarity of conceptual definitions and diagnostic criteria. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS: The study is conducted with people from different Brazilian states, which is important for a comprehensive view. On the other hand, considering that it is a very heterogeneous country, there is the limitation that an even wider scope of the study is not possible. CONCLUSION: In the Brazilian context, the new guidelines for paraphilic disorders contribute to clinical utility and are not expected to create difficulties related to the legal, social, and economic consequences of sexual offenses in the country. Abdalla-Filho E, de Jesus Mari J, Diehl A, et al. Forensic Implications of the New Classification of ICD-11 Paraphilic Disorders in Brazil. J Sex Med 2019; 16:1814-1819.

Partnered Intimate Activities in Early Adolescence-Findings From the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: Little is known about potential influences on emerging partnered intimate behaviors in early adolescence. We investigate (1) the prevalence of partnered intimate activities and (2) associations with social relationships, parental monitoring and supervision, health behaviors, and psychosocial well-being. METHODS: We used population-based data from the UK's Millennium Cohort Study on 11,079 participants aged 14 years. Partnered intimate activities were grouped into three categories: "light" (handholding, kissing, and cuddling); "moderate" (touching and fondling under clothes); and "heavy" (oral sex and sexual intercourse). Multinomial logistic regression models were used. RESULTS: Thirty percent of study participants reported not engaging in partnered intimate activity. Fifty-eight percent reported "light," 7.5 percent "moderate," and 3.2 percent "heavy" activity. Associated with increased likelihood (adjusted relative risk ratios [RRRs]) of intimate activities were confiding worries in a friend (light RRR = 2.13, moderate RRR = 3.42, heavy RRR=5.32), low parental monitoring-staying out late or overnight (late: light RRR = 1.62, moderate RRR = 2.44, heavy RRR = 2.32; overnight: light RRR = 1.57, moderate RRR = 1.94, heavy RRR = 3.38), health-damaging behaviors (per unit increase: light RRR = 1.91, moderate RRR = 3.15, heavy RRR = 5.03), and depressive symptoms (per scale point increase light RRR = 1.03, moderate RRR = 1.09, heavy RRR = 1.11). Confiding in a parent was associated with lower likelihood of intimate activity (light RRR = .82, moderate RRR = .65, heavy RRR = .65). CONCLUSIONS: Partnered intimate activity of some form is commonplace among 14-year-olds in the United Kingdom. Given the short- and long-term implications of adolescent sexual development and well-being, improving our understanding of influences could help identify opportunities for interventions with benefits across the lifecourse.

Early childhood maltreatment experience and later sexual behavior in Brazilian adults undergoing treatment for substance dependence

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of early childhood maltreatment and associations with later sexual behavior among adult substance users. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 134 substance dependents who sought outpatient care in São Paulo, Brazil. Childhood trauma prevalence was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST), drug of choice (DOC), and sexual behavior were also investigated. Results: The sample was composed predominantly of single adult males (76.1%), with alcohol as the DOC (73.9%). Experiences of emotional neglect (88.1%), emotional abuse (80.6%), physical neglect (78.4%), physical abuse (64.2%), and sexual abuse (31.3%) were prevalent. Women were more likely to have been sexually abused (OR 2.9, 95%CI 1.15-7.61) and physically abused (OR 3.7, 95%CI 1.31-10.6) in childhood. Those who were sexually abused in adulthood were more likely to have suffered physical abuse in childhood (OR 6.9, 95%CI 1.45-11.8). The odds of having been sexually abused in childhood were higher among subjects who reported to have exchanged sexual favors for drugs (OR 5.7, 95%CI 1.35-9.64) and to have been sexually abused in adulthood (OR 6.1, 95%CI 5.2-12.36). Conclusion: Physical and sexual abuse in childhood are highly prevalent in substance-dependent adults, and are associated with sexual revictimization and high-risk sexual behavior in adulthood.

Parejas sexuales de personas que viven con VIH / sida: orientación sexual, aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos y comportamentales / Parcerias sexuais de pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids: orientação sexual, aspectos sociodemograficos, clinicos e comportamentais / Sexual partnerships of people living with HIV / Aids: sexual orientation, sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral aspects

Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de la orientación sexual de las variables socio-demográficas, clínicas y de comportamiento entre las parejas sexuales de las personas que viven con el Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana/Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en un servicio de asistencia médica especializada en el tratamiento de personas con el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana, con 173 participantes. En el análisis de los resultados se utilizó el test Chi-cuadrado de Pearson o exacto de Fisher. Resultados: Se identificó asociación entre la orientación sexual y las variables: sexo, edad, estado civil, grupo de edad, escolaridad, renta, forma de exposición, tipo de asociación, uso consistente del preservativo, presencia de infección, práctica sexual, presencia del compañero en las consultas de rutina, divulgación del VIH al compañero y considerar importante la divulgación de su condición serológica para el compañero. Conclusión: Establecer un emparejamiento sexual en el contexto del VIH y tener una orientación no heterosexual presentó diferencias estadísticas entre las variables sociodemográficas y comportamentales

Objetivo: Analisar a influência da orientação sexual sobre as variáveis sociodemograficas, clínicas e comportamentais entre parcerias sexuais de pessoas que vivem com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/Síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em um serviço de assistência médica especializada no tratamento de pessoas com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana, com 173 participantes. Na análise dos resultados utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou exato de Fisher. Resultados: Identificou-se associação entre a orientação sexual e as variáveis: sexo, idade, estado civil, faixa etária, escolaridade, renda, forma de exposição, tipo de parceria, uso consistente do preservativo, presença de infecção, prática sexual, acompanhamento do parceiro nas consultas de rotina, divulgação do HIV para o parceiro e considerar importante a divulgação da sua condição sorológica para o parceiro. Conclusão: Estabelecer uma parceria sexual no contexto do HIV e ter uma orientação não-heterossexual apresentou diferenças estatísticas entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais

Objective: To analyze the influence of sexual orientation on sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral variables among sexual partners of people living with Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in a medical assistance service specialized in the treatment of people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, with 173 participants. Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the results. Results: We identified an association between sexual orientation and variables such as gender, age, marital status, age, education, income, type of exposure, type of birth, consistent condom use, presence of infection, sexual practice, partner in routine consultations, disclosure of HIV to the partner and considers disclosure of their condition to the partner. Conclusion: Establishing a sexual partnership in the context of HIV and having a non-heterosexual orientation presented statistical differences between sociodemographic and behavioral variables

Early childhood maltreatment experience and later sexual behavior in Brazilian adults undergoing treatment for substance dependence.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of early childhood maltreatment and associations with later sexual behavior among adult substance users. METHODS: A cross-sectional study enrolled 134 substance dependents who sought outpatient care in São Paulo, Brazil. Childhood trauma prevalence was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST), drug of choice (DOC), and sexual behavior were also investigated. RESULTS: The sample was composed predominantly of single adult males (76.1%), with alcohol as the DOC (73.9%). Experiences of emotional neglect (88.1%), emotional abuse (80.6%), physical neglect (78.4%), physical abuse (64.2%), and sexual abuse (31.3%) were prevalent. Women were more likely to have been sexually abused (OR 2.9, 95%CI 1.15-7.61) and physically abused (OR 3.7, 95%CI 1.31-10.6) in childhood. Those who were sexually abused in adulthood were more likely to have suffered physical abuse in childhood (OR 6.9, 95%CI 1.45-11.8). The odds of having been sexually abused in childhood were higher among subjects who reported to have exchanged sexual favors for drugs (OR 5.7, 95%CI 1.35-9.64) and to have been sexually abused in adulthood (OR 6.1, 95%CI 5.2-12.36). CONCLUSION: Physical and sexual abuse in childhood are highly prevalent in substance-dependent adults, and are associated with sexual revictimization and high-risk sexual behavior in adulthood.

Examining Ethno-Racial Related Differences in Child Molester Typology: An MTC:CM3 Approach.

Sex offender typologies have been developed in an effort to better understand the heterogeneity of sexual offending as well as offenders' varied risk and therapeutic needs. Perhaps the most well-known and validated child molester typology is the Massachusetts Treatment Center: Child Molester Typology-Version 3 (MTC:CM3). However, this typology was developed and validated using primarily White sex offenders. The current study aimed to replicate this typology in an ethno-racially diverse sample of incarcerated White, Black, and Latino child molesters ( N = 499). Overall, we found that the MTC:CM3 was applicable to non-White child molesters but that there were differences in the proportion of offenders of different ethno-racial groups in Axis I type classifications. We found no differences in Axis II type classifications. Specifically, Black offenders were more often classified as socially incompetent and sexually attracted to adults compared with White and Latino offenders. Whereas White offenders were more often classified as socially incompetent and sexually fixated on children when compared with Black offenders, Latino offenders were more often classified as high in social competence and sexually attracted to adults than Black offenders. On Axis II, the majority of all three subsamples were classified as not having sexual contact with children beyond the offense, unlikely to inflict physical harm on victims, and as not having sadistic interests. Addressing these typological characteristics in the development and implementation of prevention and treatment efforts might increase the responsiveness of specific sex offender populations.